The helper T cells (Th cells), also known as CD4+ cells or CD4-positive cells, are a type of T cell that play an important role in the adaptive immune system. They aid the activity of other immune cells by releasing cytokines.

Th1 cells are the principal mediators of immunity that eradicate intracellular pathogens and tumors. Their major effector cytokine is IFN-γ. IFN-γ from Th1 cells stimulates macrophages to phagocytose and generate oxidative bursts that aid intracellular killing of microbes.

2024年9月20日 · Among the key players in this process are T-helper cells, specifically Th1 and Th2 cells, each orchestrating distinct pathways of immune defense. Understanding the balance between Th1 and Th2 responses provides insights into their respective roles in disease progression and treatment strategies.

As their name suggests, T helper (Th) cells provide helper functions to other cells of the immune system—especially the antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells—and are important for their activation and maturation.

2022年6月7日 · When helper T cells detect an infection, they form into one of two subtypes: TH1 helper cells release a molecule that activates a type of cell called a macrophage. Macrophages are specialized cells that help eliminate foreign substances from your body. TH1 cells also activate cytotoxic T cells.

Th1-type cytokines tend to produce the proinflammatory responses responsible for killing intracellular parasites and for perpetuating autoimmune responses. Interferon gamma is the main Th1 cytokine. Excessive proinflammatory responses can lead to uncontrolled tissue damage, so there needs to be a mechanism to counteract this.

2025年3月21日 · Explore the differences between TH1 and TH2 cells, their roles in immune balance, and how they influence responses to infections, allergies, and environmental factors. The immune system relies on specialized T-helper (TH) cells to coordinate responses against infections, tumors, and other threats.

The T helper cells (Th1 cells) are a subset of CD4+ T cells which are characterized by releasing cytokines like interferon gamma (IFN-γ), IL-2, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) to activate other immune cells and contribute to cellular immune responses.

2025年3月12日 · Th1 cytokines drive cellular immunity, with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) playing key roles. These cytokines regulate immune activation, inflammatory signaling, and interactions with immune cells.

2019年6月17日 · TH1 immune response refers to the cytokine-mediated immune response generated by TH1 cells against intracellular parasites such as bacteria and virus, while TH2 immune response refers to the cytokine-mediated immune response generated by TH2 cells against large, extracellular parasites such as helminths.