Thermal oxidizers or thermal incinerators are combustion systems that control VOC, CO, and volatile HAP emissions by combusting them to carbon dioxide (CO 2) and water.

Each oxidizer has two emission sources associated with normal operation; (1) burner fuel combustion and (2) oxidization waste combustion Emission Unit: Cracker Thermal Oxidizer . EC-TO-101 . Emission Controls: Low NOx Burners . Fuel and Waste Combustion Emissions . Waste Streams . Natural gas Emission Unit: Cracker Process Oxidizer Emissions

In this work, an expanded (range) of process inputs and releases are modeled, including forklift/loader, fugitive, storage, boiler, and cooling tower emissions.

Three main factors in designing the effective thermal oxidizers are temperature, residence time, and turbulence. The temperature needs to be high enough to ignite the waste gas. Most organic compounds ignite at the temperature between 590 °C (1,094 °F) and 650 °C (1,202 °F).

The main types of thermal oxidizers are direct fire, catalytic, recuperative, and regenerative. Historically, the most commonly used is the regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO), although recuperative thermal oxidizers are becoming more common (ICAC, 2016). Table 2.1

thermal oxidizer installed by December 31, 2019 to control PFAS process stream emissions from identified manufacturing operations at the facility. Per the consent order, “ Chemours shall demonstrate

Direct Fired Thermal Oxidizer is a “thermal reactor” where pollutants, in a waste stream are heated in the presence of oxygen to a temperature sufficient to convert the pollutants to harmless compounds (usually carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrogen, and oxygen)”.

This is why RTO (regenerative thermal oxidizers) have high fuel efficiency and low operating costs, making them an ideal VOC reduction system. Fig. Regenerative thermal oxidizer process flow diagram. The Structure of Rotary RTO (One Can – Tank) Types of RTO – Performance comparison table of different types of RTO

Regenerative thermal oxidizers (RTOS) work by pushing air filled with pollutants through the peroxide. usually with a system fan. The flow of air through the RTO is controlled by a valve that directs airflow into one of two heat exchangers (a chamber containing a ceramic dielectric bed).

The document describes a thermal oxidizer process flow for treating liquid and solid waste. Liquid waste is stored in a tank before being neutralized and sent to a thermal oxidizer. The thermal oxidizer heats the waste and produces a hot gas stream and ash.