Type III PKSs are small homodimers of 40 kDa proteins that combine all the activities from the essential type I and II PKS domains. However, in contrast to type I and II PKSs they do not require an ACP-bound substrate. Instead, they can use …

Polyketides constitute one of the largest families of natural products and many are biosynthesized by noniterative type I polyketide synthases (PKSs). Type I PKSs are multifunctional enzymes organized into modules, each of which harbors a set of distinct domains responsible for the catalysis of one cycle of polyketide chain elongation.

聚酮类化合物结构多种多样，核心结构均由简单脂肪酸在聚酮合酶(Polyketide Synthase，PKS)催化下经过类似长链脂肪酸的合成途径生成，经过氧化、糖基化和甲基化后才能赋予代谢物生物活性；PKS根据结构及其性质可分成I型PKS (又称模件型)、II型PKS (又称迭代型)和Ⅲ ...

Type I fatty acid synthases (FASs) are giant multienzymes catalyzing all steps of the biosynthesis of fatty acids from acetyl- and malonyl-CoA by iterative precursor extension. Two strikingly different architectures of FAS evolved in yeast (as well as …

2000年6月1日 · Based on their gene sequences and the conformation of their constituent proteins, PKSs can be divided into two groups: modular and iterative. Iterative PKSs, also known as type-II PKSs, build polyketides mainly from acetate units, and the carbonyl groups formed after each condensation cycle are largely left unreduced.

Abstract: Most polyketide natural compounds, such as antibiotics, antineoplastics and immunosuppressants, are produced by type Ⅰ polyketide synthases (PKSs). Type Ⅰ PKSs are composed of several catalytic modules, each of which contains iterative domains, such as acyltransferase (AT) domain, for one round of polyketide chain elongation.

2018年10月17日 · PKSs produce a variety of complex and potent secondary metabolites; they either act iteratively (iPKS), or are linked via directed substrate transfer into modular assembly lines (modPKSs). Here, we review the architectures of yFAS, mFAS, and iPKSs. We rationalize the evolution of the yFAS assembly, and provide examples for re-engineering of yFAS.

2015年11月9日 · Modular polyketide synthases (type I PKSs) in bacteria are responsible for synthesizing a significant percentage of bioactive natural products. This group of synthases has a characteristic modular organization, and each module within a PKS carries out one cycle of polyketide chain elongation; thus each module is non-iterative in function.

2023年6月5日 · Here, we used the web tool NaPDoS2 to assess type I polyketide synthase (PKS) diversity and distributions by detecting and classifying ketosynthase (KS) domains across 137 metagenomes. We show that biomes are differentially enriched in type I KS domains, providing a roadmap for future biodiscovery strategies.

2023年9月28日 · 科研人员正迫切期待着进一步理解type I iPKSs，最终创造具备可编程功能的分子机器，产生个性化、定制化的终产物与新型药物。 该研究得到了国家重点研究发展计划、国家自然科学基金、国家博士后科学基金以及上海市超级博士后激励计划的经费支持。

2003年2月21日 · Type I polyketide synthases (PKSs) are multifunctional enzymes that are organized into modules, each of which minimally contains a β-ketoacyl synthase, an acyltransferase (AT), and an acyl carrier protein.

2015年9月29日 · Acyltransferase (AT)-less type I polyketide synthases (PKSs) break the type I PKS paradigm. They lack the integrated AT domains within their modules and instead use a discrete AT that acts in trans, whereas a type I PKS module minimally contains AT, acyl carrier protein (ACP), and ketosynthase (KS) domains.

2019年2月20日 · Polyketides are constructed from simple carboxylic acid-derived components, often by filamentous bacteria using modular type I polyketide synthases (PKSs), gigantic protein complexes that house...

2020年3月26日 · Type I polyketide synthases (T1PKSs) are one of the most extensively studied PKSs, which can act either iteratively or via an assembly-line mechanism. Domains in the T1PKSs can readily be predicted by computational tools …

2014年6月18日 · Their biosynthetic machinery, represented by type I polyketide synthases (PKSs), has an architecture in which successive modules catalyse two-carbon linear extensions and keto-group processing ...

With the recent structural characterization of each of the component enzymes of type I polyketide synthases, scientists are coming tantalizingly close to elucidating the overall architectures and mechanisms of these enormous molecular factories.

2022年9月21日 · Polyketide synthases (PKSs) are predominantly microbial biosynthetic enzymes. They assemble highly potent bioactive natural products from simple carboxylic acid precursors. The most versatile families of PKSs are organized as assembly lines of functional modules.

2021年9月4日 · In particular for type-I iterative PKSs, a phylogenetic analysis of the class in fungi showed that groups of genes encoding iterative PKS systems fall into eight groups: four encompassing reducing PKSs and four others encompassing non-reducing PKSs .

2003年4月1日 · Since the first reports of bacterial type I PKS in 1990 4., 5., type II PKS in 1984 6., 7., and type III PKS in 1999 [8], the PKS paradigms have served the scientific community beyond the call of duty, providing the molecular basis to explain the vast structural diversity observed with polyketide natural products, and the biotechnological ...

2025年2月21日 · I 型聚酮合酶（Type I PKS）作为一类高度模块化的酶系统，在自然界中负责合成多种复杂次级代谢产物，如抗生素、免疫抑制剂和其他生物活性分子。