Vacuolar interface dermatitis (VAC, also known as liquefaction degeneration, vacuolar alteration or hydropic degeneration) is a dermatitis with vacuolization at the dermoepidermal junction, with lymphocytic inflammation at the epidermis and dermis.

The lichenoid reaction is often accompanied by vacuolar degeneration of the basal keratinocytes and the presence of apoptotic bodies (colloid or Civatte bodies). Many clinical conditions can result in the lichenoid alteration.

Vacuolar degeneration: It is also known as hydropic degeneration or liquefactive degeneration. Damage to the basal layer of the epidermis leads to the formation of vacuoles within the basal keratinocytes. 2 A more severe process may lead to necrosis of keratinocytes and subsequently subepidermal blister formation.

Vacuolar degeneration (also called liquefaction degeneration) is the intracellular vacuole formation in injured basal keratinocytes and separation of the plasma cell membrane from the underlying basement membrane. Vacuolar degeneration is seen in lichenoid reactions like cutaneous lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, drug reaction.

Vacuolar degeneration: Damage to the basal layer, with intracellular oedema and vacuoles. May be associated with colloid body formation and clear spaces at the dermal-epidermal junction, sometimes resulting in a subepidermal blister.

2014年12月1日 · "Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis" is a descriptive term which refers to specific microscopic features (i.e. vacuolar degeneration of the spinous layer, keratin filament clumping and hyperkeratosis), but these findings may be seen in various entities, not just this disease (Int J Dermatol 2005;44:1):

Hydropic change or cellular swelling or vacuolar degeneration is one of the factors of reversible cell injury, which can be appreciated under light microscope. It occurs if injurious stimulus is persistant. Cellular swelling is first manifestation of almost all forms of injury to cell. Two major stimuli which can lead to hydropic change are:

Granulovacuolar degeneration (GVD) is characterized by the intraneuronal accumulation of large (up to 5 µm diameter) membrane-bound vacuoles harbouring a central granule.

Vacuolar degeneration of cardiomyocytes is a histological finding commonly encountered during routine light microscopic examination of human endomyocardial biopsy specimens. The vacuoles appear as intracellular clear areas lacking myofibers.

Vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes was different inside groups and varied from mild to severe and total pathological changes (Figures 1(a)-1(c)).