W4f region has well-separated spin-orbit components (Δ metel =2.17eV). Loss feature for W metal appears at 37eV and 42eV for WO 3. W metal loss feature overlaps WO 3 4f peaks. Peaks in the W4f region have an asymmetric peak shape for tungsten metal. Tungsten compounds, such as the oxide, have symmetric W4f peaks.

电子构型：[Xe]4f 14 5d 4 6s 2 氧化态：6,5,4,3,2 晶体结构：体心立方. 钨的元素符号 “W” 源自其原名 “wolfram”。钨存在于黑钨矿等矿石中，由于 Peter Wolfe 率先假设钨存在于黑钨矿中，因此根据 Peter Wolfe 命名了钨。钨极耐腐蚀，暴露于空气中时形成一种保护性氧化 ...

1997年3月10日 · The W 4f core-level X-ray photoemission peak from the oxygen-annealed crystal is shown in Fig. 4. The peak is obviously not the expected simple spin-orbit doublet, unlike the W 4f peak observed for WO3 single-crystal surfaces [12,18- 20]. In fact, the peak shape appears to derive from a pair of overlapping spin-orbit doublets.

W 4f (and W 5p3/2) XPS spectrum for tungsten metal. W 4f spectra with the metal and oxides are fit with a 4f7/2 – 4f5/2 doublet separation of 2.18 eV and with area ratios of 4:3.

2023年9月2日 · Herein, an all-non-noble W/WO 2 metallic heterostructure serving as an efficient solid-acid catalyst exhibits remarkable hydrogen evolution reaction performance with an ultra-low overpotential...

The W 4f XPS spectra for WO 3 shows two distinct peaks at ~37.5 and ~35 eV, which confirms that W in WO 3 exists as in +6 oxidation state (Fig. 5e) [40].

2020年2月15日 · The high-resolution W 4f XPS spectra of WO (Fig. 4 b) could be deconvoluted into four peaks by peak fitting. Two peaks located at 34.5 and 36.7 eV correspond to the low-valence W species (Cong et al., 2015). Another two peaks with the binding energies of 34.8 and 37.0 eV is assigned to W 6+ species (Weng et al., 2014).

Ar+轰击WO2表面导致W-4f谱线出现两个特征峰“a”和“b”，其结合能对应于W-4f自璇配对的Wmet (图三，曲线二和三)，XPS W-4f芯能级能谱的半峰宽在WO3—>WO2的顺序下变宽（见表一）。 为了确定单斜WO3的W-4f和O-1s芯能级结合能 (core-level biห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ding energies BEs)，研究人员在一系列的研究中都应用了XPS技术，同时WO2的类似的光谱也有报道，WO3的XPS价带能谱由colon和rabalais得出，Bringan等则用UPS来研究WO3的价带。 Angelis等 …

(a) Full-range XPS spectra, (b) O 1s spectra, (c) W 4f spectra, and (d) S 2p spectra. [...] In this work, a facile oxidation strategy was developed to prepare novel tungsten disulfide/tungsten...

As depicted in Figure 5, asdeposited WO 3 films show a single W (4f 7/2 ) peak centered at 36.2 eV ± 0.2 eV across all films, which is assigned to W 6+ species on the basis of comparison to a...