2018年9月19日 · In this memorial, Xu Naiji, sub-director of the Court of Sacrificial Worship in Peking addresses the throne on the topic of opium and the opium trade. In his letter, he urges the emperor towards legalizing opium and allowing for its trade, arguing that the repercussions of banning the use and trade of opium would inevitably hurt China and it ...

Xu Naiji (1777~1839), deputy minister of worship (Taichang Temple), was a representative insisting that opium ban should be loosened.

2013年1月13日 · In 1836, Xu Naiji, sub-director of the Court of Sacrificial Worship in Peking wrote a memorial acknowledging the evils of opium but supporting its legalization. Xu, “a 1809 jinshi from Renhe County, Zhejiang”, analyzes the effects of the opium trade like an economist.

2022年7月4日 · Xu Naiji, vice president of the sacrificial court, presents the following memor­ ial in regard to opium, to show that the more severe the interdicts against it are

In the intense debate that followed, two sides emerged variously called the “Relaxers,” led by Xu Naiji, who advocated loosening government laws pro-hibiting the cultivation, production, and consumption of opium and the “Strengtheners” who argued for even stricter laws and penalties for involve-ment in the opium trade.

the Chinese official Xu Naiji’s (1777–1839) memorial, Elliot was very optimistic about the approval of the opium legalization in China. Yet it turns out that the

Junior Minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices Xu Naiji ??7MS (1777-1839) who in 1836, with a rationale similar to that of Lin Zexu, ignited an official debate by advocating that China promote

2008年3月10日 · The British soon discovered a drug called opium. As Xu Naiji points out, there are three kind of opium. “One is called company’s, also known as ‘black earth’ that comes from Bengal; a second kind called ‘white skin’, comes from Bombay; and a third kind called ‘red skin’ and comes from Madras.

2017年4月24日 · Xu Naiji: memorial on the legalization of opium, 1836 Xu Najiji, Vice President of the Sacrificial Court, presents the following memorial in regard to opium, to show that the more severe the interdicts against it are made, the more widely do the evils arising therefrom spread; and that it is right urgently to request, that a change be made in ...

Xu Naiji – Memorial on the Legalization of Opium, 1836 Xu Najiji, Vice President of the Sacrificial Court, presents the following memorial in regard to opium, to show that the more severe the interdicts against it are made, the more widely do the evils arising therefrom spread; and that it is right urgently to request, that a change be made ...