ficient, xFz, determine if and when cavitation or flash-ing occurs. If the vapor pressure is relatively low, cavitation and noise emission will occur in the control valve at small-to-medium flowrates.

It has been observed that when the downstream pressure in a valve decreases at and beyond a corresponding pressure ratio, called Xfz (see Ref. 1), the static pressure in the valve's orifice reaches the vapor pressure of the liquid, this causes evaporation of some of the liquid with simultaneous formation of small vapor bubbles.

Figs 7a to 7e: Inherent valve characteristic versus flow capacity versus power converting capability -xFz f(cv/cv100)-. Modern control valves are designed for specific marked segments like chemicals, food & beverage and pharmaceuticals.

With three decades of experience in demanding applications, Mr Siemers has a deep appreciation of developments and trends in sizing control valves. In this paper, he reviews the past, present and future of valve design and sizing, taking all-important issues such as increasing cost pressure and time pressure into account.

If possible, one should limit the valve's pressure drop below the pressure level indicated by the cavitation index Xfz, where Xfz is the allowable delta P divided by inlet pressure minus vapor pressure (pressures in absolute terms). Xfz values may be gleaned from figure 7.

2014年6月17日 · xfz 法是根据iec 标准，在预测分析汽蚀过程时，强调限制阀门出口流速，同时考虑进、出 口压差对气蚀的影响。 XFz 法最初起源于德国VDMA24422-1979 工业标准，后来被IEC60534 认可采纳。

First, consult your valve's catalog information to find the Xfz (incipient cavitation) factor for the chosen valve and valve travel. If unknown, check the table below for an approximate value. Take your pressure ratio factor X (see above) and multiply it by 10. Now go to the bottom of graph C.

BAF: Bunker Adjustment Factor，燃油附加费。 系海运运费计算中的一项附加费用，用以对于燃油油价波动所造成船公司运送成本提高，为转嫁额外负担而加收的费用，而向托运人（或货主）所收取之一项海运费以外的附属费用。

BAF是Bunker adjustment factor 的简称， 意为油价调整指数附加费(即燃油附加费)。 CAF是国际海运中船公司征收的一种附加费。 BAF是因为国际燃油价格上涨，造成船公司营运成本增加，船公司加收的费用。

2023年1月8日 · BAF:Bunker Adjustment Factor 的英文缩写，翻译过来就是燃油附加费。 CAF:Currency Adjustment Factor 的英文缩写，翻译过来是货币贬值附加费的意思。 这两个费用在海运运价的欧洲线，和西非线比较常见 (事实上，这两个费用在所有航线的海运费中都存在，但是一般习惯上，除了欧洲线和西非线之外，其他所有航线都将这部分费用直接和基本海运费计算到了一起，表面上只显示ALL IN 价格)。 STS :SUZA CANAL FEE 的英文缩写，中文意思是苏伊 …