The most frequently employed method for assessing the brain’s arterial blood supply system is the three-dimensional (3D) time-of-flight (TOF) MRA. This technique offers advantages such as improved signal-to-noise ratio and shorter imaging times.

TONE（tile optimizied non saturated excitation）技术是一种针对3D-TOF-MRA 扫描的特殊脉冲技术，在流入端用较小的偏转角脉冲激发；在流出端则采用较大的偏转角激发，以增加远侧血流信号，减少三维容积内的血流饱和效应，使容积内流入端和流出端血流信号强度均匀。

Most MRA techniques, including time-of-flight (TOF) methods, can be performed using either a 2D or 3D acquisition mode. 2D TOF is commonly used for imaging of long vascular segments running perpendicular to the plane of imaging (like the aorta or femoral arteries).

3D-MRA非线性分析系统是一种光子共振设备，可发射微幅的光波能量，和人体各器官、组织以及细胞分子的生物磁场所发出的能量波共振。 3D-MRA能预设脑神经元的生物电子活动（Bioelectrical activity）状态，利用此做为背景值（Background activity），将共振回应出来的生理性的或病理性的讯息波，传送回至3D-MRA主机，由非线性分析系统（Non-lineal analysis system）解读后，呈现出细胞、组织、器官及全身及时的功能状态。 这些能量讯号以往并不 …

2022年5月1日 · In our study, we generate high resolution 3D medical image patches along with their labels in an end-to-end paradigm for brain vessel segmentation which aids in identifying and studying cerebrovascular diseases. From 3D Time-of-Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography (TOF-MRA), we synthesize 3D patches together with brain vessel segmentation labels.

磁共振血管成像（MR angiography，MRA）是一种无创伤性，不需用插管及对比造影剂的血管成像方法，已广泛应用于临床。 MRA血管成像数据采集技术主要有两种：①时间飞越技术（time of flight，TOF） 其成像原理是利用MR特殊的“流动效应”。

3D-MRA是融合光譜共振分析、量子共振分析及音頻共振分析的核磁共振細胞能量比對健康評量系統。 此系統乃是以諾貝爾獎「核磁共振」的O-理論作為基礎。

非对比增强3D-TOF MRA成像方法采用时间飞跃法进行血管成像，无创、无需对比剂，具有SNR高和成像速度快等优势，对血管显示清晰，可重复检查，结合多种重建方法进行后处理，能很好显示瘤体大小和形态等，满足临床需求 [5]。

3.0T MRA without contrast agent demonstrates high performance in cerebral aneurysm imaging. The Sixth Affiliated People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (China), uses timeof-flight MR angiography (TOF MRA) to visualize cerebral aneurysms. The team has high confidence in their 3D TOF MRA method when imaging patients with small aneurysms.

3D time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiography (MRA), the most common MRA technique in an acute stroke setting, is useful for evaluating intracranial steno-occlusive disease. 1 However, TOF is insensitive to slow flow or in-plane flow because of saturation of the MR imaging signal intensity, 2 which can lead to overestimating the severity of the ...