2023年1月23日 · Unlike the complex transformations of combustion, the halogenation of an alkane appears to be a simple substitution reaction in which a C-H bond is broken and a new C-X bond is formed. The chlorination of methane, shown below, provides a simple example of this reaction. CH 4 + Cl 2 + energy → CH 3 Cl + HCl

2013年9月6日 · The bottom line here is that alkanes, given a large enough excess of Cl 2, will eventually have all of their hydrogens replaced with chlorine. This pathway is in fact how dichloromethane (CH 2 Cl 2 – a common laboratory solvent) chloroform (CHCl 3 ) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) are produced industrially.

Alkanes treated with chlorine gas (Cl 2) and light (hv) or heat (Δ) will be converted into alkyl chlorides. The mechanism for the chlorination of methane, in common with the mechanism of most radical reactions, consists of three stages: initiation, propagation, and termination.

2021年12月16日 · Since chlorine is a rather reactive reagent, it shows relative low selectivity, that means Cl 2 does not discriminate greatly among the different types of hydrogens atoms (primary, secondary or tertiary) in an alkane. As a result, for the reaction of alkane with different hydrogen atoms, a mixture of isomeric monochlorinated products are obtained.

The halogenation regiochemistry of alkanes is generally determined by the relative weakness of the available C – H bonds. For the industrial processing of chlorinated methane, free radical halogenation is used: CH 4 + Cl 2 → CH 3 Cl + HCl. These free …

When alkanes react with halogen (Cl 2 or Br 2), with heat or light, the hydrogen atom of the alkane is replaced by a halogen atom, and alkyl halide is produced as a product. This can be generally shown as:

2013年12月19日 · Free radical chlorination is achieved by treating an alkane with molecular chlorine (Cl 2) in the presence of light [hν] or heat [Δ]. As long as one is careful to control the number of equivalents of Cl 2, useful products can be obtained, assuming the right type of starting material is used.

In this tutorial, we consider methane as the alkane compound and study about it's chlorination reactions steps, products and the mechanism. Also we disucss free radicals and their stability in mechanism of alkane and chlorine reaction which is important to …

relative stabilities of alkanes. CH4 + Cl2 -- (hv)--> CH3Cl + HCl. R-H + X2 -- (hv)--> R-X + HX. overall substitution - replacement of H by halogen. initiated by light (or heat) usually multiple products (not very useful synthetically) e.g., CH4 --> CH3Cl --> CH2Cl2 --> CHCl3 --> CCl4. mechanism: free radical chain reaction.

2013年7月30日 · In this post we introduce the concepts of homolytic bond breakage, single-barbed curved arrows, free radicals, and free-radical substitution through the example of chlorination of alkanes with Cl 2 and light, which will lay the foundation for this series on free-radical chemistry.