Dual-chamber rate-modulated (DDDR) pacing is a mode that is programmed into a pacemaker and recommended for patients with atrioventricular block and sinus node dysfunction. DDDR modes include pacing and sensing capabilities in both the ventricles and atria: Mentioned below are four rhythms seen in the DDDR pacing mode:

Recommendations include DDD pacing for complete heart block and when there is a requirement for atrioventricular synchrony over a wide range of rates—for example, in young or active patients with atrial rates responsive to clinical need, in cases of significant hemodynamic need, or in patients in whom the pacemaker syndrome occurred during a ...

Dual-chamber system The most common two-chamber system is DDD, which implies pacing in the atria and ventricles, sensing in the atria and ventricles, and the ability be inhibited or triggered. This pacemaker stimulates in the atria and ventricles if the intrinsic heart rate is below the basic rate of the pacemaker.

2024年10月6日 · Journal articles Bih-Fang Guo, G. “What & How” About Implantation of AAI/R, DDD/R, and VVI/R Pacemakers. Acta Cardiol Sin 2005;21 Suppl II:9u000117 [Free Full Text] Reade MC. Temporary epicardial pacing after cardiac surgery: a practical review. Part 2: Selection of epicardial pacing modes and troubleshooting. Anaesthesia. 2007 Apr;62 (4 ...

The heart rate increased from 60 to 175 beats/min, blood pressure from 140/90 to 170/90 mm Hg, and cardiac index from 3.2 to 11.4 liters/min per m2. After a rest period and return of the cardiac index to the preexercise level, the test was repeated with the pacemaker reprogrammed to the ventricular demand pacing and sensing (VVI) mode at a rate ...

During the past one decade Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy [CRT] using Biventricular [Bi V] pacing has emerged as a promising technique in improving the quality of life, exercise tolerance and mortality in some cases of systolic heart failure. 1 CRT is class 1 indication in patients with severe heart failure and ECG evidence LBBB. 2 The ...

The second letter indicates the chamber of the heart being sensed or monitored. The third letter indicates how the device should respond when it senses a cardiac event (T = Triggered; I = Inhibited; D = Trigger or inhibit; and O = none).

DDD双腔起搏器具有心房和心室顺序起搏、心房和心室双腔感知、感知P波或 (和)R波抑制或触发功能。 DDD起搏器能根据自身节律频率和起搏器低限频率的快慢、房窒结下传的PR间期和人工设置的AV间期的长短，可自动转换为ODO、AAI、DVI、DDI、VAT、VDD、VVI及DDD等模式工作。 无论起搏模式如何变化，它始终保持良好的房室收缩同步性（VVI模式除外），维持最佳的血流动力学效应。 部分双腔起搏器还具有频率回退、频率平滑功能、睡眠频率、频率滞后搜索功能 …

2024年12月16日 · While managing patients with sick sinus syndrome (SSS) and normal atrioventricular (AV) conduction, clinicians often find themselves weighing two primary pacing options: AAI and DDD modes. This debate has persisted for years, with experts offering varying recommendations based on evolving clinical evidence.

The basic principle of the DDD mode is to synchronize ventricular pacing with atrial sensing (triggered functioning) or pacing. Spontaneous atrial or ventricular activity respectively inhibits atrial or ventricular pacing (inhibited functioning).