Feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1) is the most common viral pathogen of cats that causes ocular disease. It is a DNA virus that belongs to the subfamily Alphaherpesviridae and develops neuronal latency following primary infection.

Systemic feline diseases (parasitic, bacterial, fungal, viral, neoplastic, metabolic, vascular, and immune-mediated) are often associated with ocular symptoms. An ocular examination is an important diagnostic tool and should be part of any physical examination.

Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is one of the most common and important infectious diseases in cats, affecting between 2-3% of all cats in the United States and Canada. Infection rates are significantly higher (up to 30%) in cats that are ill or otherwise at high risk (see below).

Ocular changes linked to FeLV are related to the ability of the virus to induce immunosuppression, hematologic changes and tumor formation, and include nodular uveal tumors, often with secondary uveitis, retinal dysplasia, retinal hemorrhages and pupillary changes.

Clinical signs can include dyscoria or misshapen pupil, iridal thickening, anterior uveitis, and secondary glaucoma. The metastatic rate of feline iris melanoma is estimated to be 63%.

2019年12月10日 · The cat remained neurologically normal with symmetrical pupils two years later with only residual signs of mild dysphagia. This unique case documents co-infection with B. henselae and one or two Sarcocystis sp. in an adult cat with multifocal neuromuscular deficits, spastic pupil syndrome and chorioretinitis.

2024年11月3日 · Abnormalities in pupil shape due to FeLV include spastic pupil, D-shaped pupil and reversed D shaped pupil. Cats have short ciliary nerves in the both sides of the eye

2022年10月22日 · The cat’s vertically elliptical pupil is regulated by two autonomically innervated antagonistic muscles. The iris sphincter is parasympathetically controlled via the oculomotor and short ciliary nerves.

anisocoria (arrowheads indicate pupil margins) and buphthalmia. Buphthalmia is demonstrated in the left eye by the increased width of the palpebral sure and increased corneal diameter compared wi

Aplastic anaemia can be caused by infections with FIV, FeLV, feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), toxoplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, parvovirous. It can also arise due to chronic kidney disease and starvation.