全球气候模型（Global Climate Model, GCM），亦称全球环流模型或全球大气模型，是一种数值模型，被广泛用于模拟地球的气候系统。GCM利用一系列的数学公式来描绘气候系统的各个主要组成部分，包括大气、海洋、冻土以及地表和海洋表面的生物地理过程。

2014年9月5日 · 在气候变化研究中，利用气候模式模拟是一种有效的方式，至今已经有许多的学者对全球气候模式（GCM）和区域气候模式（RCM）的模拟结果进行了分析，分析表明GCM和RCM对中国区域的气候具有一定的模拟能力，但存在一定的偏差。

动力降尺度方法用 GCM 的输出驱动区域气候模式(regional climate model, RCM)来产生高分辨率的气候信息, 通常可以将分辨率从 GCM 水平提升至 RCM 水平, 目前为 20～60km [8] 。统计降尺度方法则通过计算大尺度预报因子与高分辨率被预报量之间的统计关系进行降尺度, 通常 ...

2019年5月17日 · Regional climate models (RCMs) were essentially developed with the aim of downscaling climate fields produced by coarse resolution global climate models (GCMs), thereby providing information at fine, sub-GCM grid scales more suitable for studies of regional phenomena and for application to vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation (VIA) assessments.

2025年1月17日 · In this study, a cross-generation comparison of models is performed using PRECIS (a CMIP5 RCM) and HadGEM3-GC31-HM (a CMIP6 high-resolution GCM with 50 km resolution) for simulations of mean and extreme values of temperature and precipitation, as well as compound heat and precipitation events in China for the periods 1985–2004 and 2035–2050.

2010年12月15日 · Multimodel ensembles, whereby different global climate models (GCMs) and regional climate models (RCMs) are combined, have been widely used to explore uncertainties in regional climate projections.

2018年7月5日 · Climate change signal in the GCM and the GCM-RCM simulations. Panels show the bivariate climate change signal in terms of projected summer (JJA) temperature and precipitation changes for 2070–2099 versus 1971–2000 assuming …

To simulate the present climate and to predict future climate change, general circulation models (GCMs) have been developed. The output data of GCM are too coarse to use in hydrological modeling directly. Instead of using single GCM, combinations of multiple GCMs and scenarios reduce uncertainty associated with results [25, 122, 128].

2014年8月21日 · In order to assess to what extent regional climate models (RCMs) yield better representations of climatic states than general circulation models (GCMs), the output of each is usually directly compared with observations. RCM output is often bias corrected, and in some cases correction methods can also be applied to GCMs.

2024年6月20日 · Regional climate models (RCMs) exhibit greater potential than global models (GCMs) in capturing geographical details of climate change arising from orography and land–water distribution, but dynamical downscalings are only available for a limited number of GCMs. The full GCM ensembles are much more representative.