2011年11月26日 · The Mars’ atmosphere has a mean molecular weight of 43.3 g/mol, reflecting the dominance of CO 2, which compares with the molecular weight of 29 g/mol of Earth’s atmosphere, reflecting the dominance of O 2 and N 2. The year-around average of atmospheric pressure at the surface of Mars is accepted to be 6.1 mbar (Krasnopolsky, 2005).

2001年1月12日 · The molecular composition of the Mars atmosphere is given in Table 1 based on observations from the Curiosity rover (Mahaffy et al., 2013). The water vapor data is from a visual interpretation of Fig. 14 in ( Martinez et al., 2017 ) and has considerable uncertainty both due to measurement issues and due to natural fluctuation.

1998年1月1日 · Understanding of chemical and photochemical processes in the Martian atmosphere looks as well developed (Krasnopolsky, 1986, 1993), Barth et al. (1992), Rodrigo et al., (1990). Chemical Composition of Mars Atmosphere 455 Thermal and nonthermal escapes are very important in the upper atmosphere. They remove hydrogen, helium, oxygen and other …

2014年1月1日 · Mars' thin atmosphere is dominated by carbon dioxide (CO 2), and in addition to the major gaseous components listed in Table 16.1, the atmosphere contains a variable amount of water vapor (H 2 O) up to 0.1%, minor concentrations of photochemical products of carbon dioxide and water vapor (e.g. CO, O 2, H 2 O 2, and O 3), and trace amounts of ...

1998年1月1日 · A historical review and brief outline of the current status of studies of chemical composition of the martian atmosphere are presented. The real start was done about 40 years ago by discovery of carbon dioxide on Mars. The most important event during the next four decads was mass spectrometry on Vikings' landers.

2019年7月1日 · The chemical composition of the atmosphere of Mars has been a long-standing topic of research, ever since the pioneering work of e.g. Kuiper (1949), Spinrad et al. (1963), Kaplan et al. (1969), Barker (1972), Carleton and Traub (1972), and the early space age investigations, e.g., Barth and Hord (1971), Owen et al. (1977), Jakosky and Farmer ...

1982年1月1日 · Kuiper observed that the CO2 bands near i.6i.im and Zi.~m were stronger in spec- tra of Mars than in comparable spectra of the moon, indicating an addition to the telluric absorption. Using lunar spectra obtained at different air masses, Kuiper deduced a carbon dioxide abundance in the Martian atmosphere of 4.4 meter amagats (in am).

2020年11月15日 · The dominant CO 2 atmosphere of Mars, however, deposits and sublimes as a solid to and from the polar caps in exchange with the atmosphere, while the other components do not condense at Martian temperatures. Through this process the Mars atmosphere can become enriched in the noncondensable gases relative to CO 2. In the extreme

2022年9月1日 · In the application to Mars, there is a presumption of a cryosphere of unknown, but substantial thickness (Clifford et al., 2010). At the base of the cryosphere there may be a saline aquifer at or near 0 °C. This aquifer may have a gas cap or “reservoir”. The gas cap may have a composition and isotopic ratios indicative of the genesis of ...

2020年11月15日 · The constants and composition for a standard Mars atmosphere and a hypothetical enriched noncondensable Mars atmosphere are shown in Table 1 and Table 2. In constructing Table 1 , the abundances in Trainer et al. (2019) are normalized by 1.0015 so that the individual fractional abundance (by volume) of the listed molecules sum precisely to 100%.