The development of Bacillus spore cores involves the accumulation of 3-phosphoglycerate (3PGA) during sporulation, following core acidification to ~6.4, and before decreases in core water content occur due to Ca-dipicolinc acid (CaDPA) uptake.

The core contains the spore chromosomal DNA which is encased in chromatin -like proteins known as SASPs (small acid-soluble spore proteins), that protect the spore DNA from UV radiation and heat. The core also contains normal cell structures, such as ribosomes and other enzymes, but is not metabolically active.

A modified peptidoglycan (PG) wall is required for maintenance of spore core dehydration and the accompanying metabolic dormancy and heat resistance. Production of the spore PG depends on the cooperative expression of gene products within both the mother cell and forespore compartments of the sporan …

The Galactic Core is located at the exact center of the galaxy, surrounded by the Grox Empire, which occupies some 2,400 star systems in the galaxy's interior. A supermassive black hole, the Galactic Core produces intense radiation powered by the tremendous amount of surrounding material, as much as one thousand solar masses a year, that it ...

2024年10月29日 · The core is the central part of Bacillus spores, accounting for 27% (0.0896 μm 3, on average) of the spore volume [39]. The bacterial chromosome, ribosomes, and enzymes are localized within the core, along with large amounts of the spore-specific molecule dipicolinic acid (DPA), in a 1:1 chelate with divalent cations, predominantly Ca 2+ (CaDPA).

2018年7月30日 · In the current work, we demonstrate the presence of intracellular membrane structures in spores located just below the core membrane. During spore germination these internal core membranes...

The core is characterized by a low water content (0.6 h, where h = g water /g dry protein), an elevated concentration of ions and a complex of dipicolinic acid (DPA) and Ca 2+. This complex can represent up to 20% of spore core dry weight 5 and is …

2024年1月1日 · Five significant events have been described in spore germination: germinant sensing; commitment to germinate; release of CaDPA; hydrolysis of cortex peptidoglycan by cortex lytic enzymes (CLEs); and finally swelling and total hydration of the spore core [52].

Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis involves an asymmetric cell division followed by differentiation into two cell types, the endospore and the mother cell. The endospore coat is a multilayered shell that protects the bacterial genome during stress conditions and is composed of dozens of proteins.

The core also called spore matrix is the central part of the spore and contains normal cell structures, such as DNA, proteins and ribosomes, but is metabolically inactive.