2018年9月11日 · Train of Four (TOF) Interpretation: A presence of 4th twitch = 0-5% paralysis, 3rd twitch = 65-75% paralysis, 2nd twitch = 85% paralysis, 1st twitch = 95% paralysis, 0 twitch …

2009年8月16日 · 4个成串刺激（train-of-four，TOF）是临床上最常用的神经刺激种类。 TOF是由一串有4个频率为2Hz，波宽为0.2-0.3ms的矩形波组成的成串刺激，连续刺激时其串间距为10 …

2022年5月27日 · 通过四个成串刺激（Train-of-four ratio, TOF）定量监测是评估神经肌肉阻滞恢复的最终标准，残余神经肌肉阻滞的定义为TOF小于 0.9，常见于围术期给予非去极化神经肌肉 …

2016年10月26日 · Several studies have shown that the ratio of the 4th response to the 1st response in the TOF sequence (TOF ratio) should return to at least 90% to ensure full control …

2025年2月24日 · We suggest the use of quantitative, objective measurement of neuromuscular function (ie, accelerometry, electromyography [EMG], kinemyography [KMG]) to monitor …

The depth of neuromuscular block can be defined based on the train-of-four (TOF) ratio, TOF count, and post-tetanic count (PTC) when using quantitative monitoring (Fig. 1). 4 This allows …

2023年4月14日 · Adequate recovery of neuromuscular blockade is defined as a train-of-four ratio (TOFR) ≥ 0.9 as measured at the adductor pollicis muscle (APM). Qualitative devices and …

Residual neuromuscular blockade was initially defined as a TOF ratio less than 0.7, based on earlier work showing that vital capacity and inspiratory force had recovered to near normal at …

The current TOF ratio at which extubation is recommended is above 0.9. Two types of reversal agents are used: acetylcholinesterase antagonists (pyridostigmine, edrophonium …

2020年3月7日 · In most procedures, one or two responses to train-of-four (TOF) stimulation will suffice. To avoid involuntary diaphragmatic movements, a deeper level of neuromuscular block …