Feb 25, 2022 · Heavy metal transporters are regulated by Ca 2+, ROS, NO, and phytohormones. Four optimal phytoremediation strategies related to transporter were proposed. Heavy metal pollution in soil is a global problem with serious impacts on human health and ecological security.

Mar 27, 2024 · Here, four cryo-EM structures and molecular dynamics simulations of a P 1B-1 -ATPase are combined to reveal that in many eukaryotes the MBD immediately prior to the ATPase core, MBD −1, serves a...

Nov 27, 2017 · Understanding how specific DDMCs are transported to and within the cell and what controls their binding selectivity to different proteins is crucial for defining the mechanisms of metalloproteins.

Jun 14, 2023 · Several MTPs are involved in vacuolar metal transportation, which confer metal tolerance in plants by sequestering excess metals in the vacuole. In Arabidopsis, both AtMTP1 and AtMTP3 are important Zn transporters localized in the vacuolar membrane and responsible for maintaining Zn homeostasis in plant cells.

Nov 8, 2024 · Our study reveals an upward hinge motion of the transport domain in a high-resolution crystal structure of a cross-linked variant, elucidates the mechanisms of metal release from the transport...

Metal ions play three fundamental roles in proteins: structural, regulatory, and enzymatic. The binding of some metal ions stabilize proteins or protein domains. Some metal ions can take part in regulation of various cell processes being first, second, or third messengers.

Metal transporters move metal ions or small molecule-metal chelates across otherwise impermeable barriers in a directional fashion, and most of these are integral membrane proteins embedded in the inner or plasma membrane (Figure 1).

Jan 12, 2007 · The transmembrane metal binding sites (TM-MBS) of P 1B-ATPases are responsible for metal recognition and movement across the membrane permeability barrier.

Oct 28, 2020 · Genes containing a heavy metal associated (HMA) domain are required for the spatiotemporal transportation of metal ions that bind with various enzymes and co-factors within the cell. To uncover the underlying mechanisms mediated by StHMA genes, we identified 36 gene members in the StHMA family and divided them into six subfamilies by ...

Dec 15, 2009 · HMA2, HMA4, and HMA7 are three of the eight heavy metal transporting P (1B)-type ATPases in the simple plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The first two transport Zn (2+), and the third transports Cu (+). Each protein contains soluble N-terminal metal-binding domains (MBDs) that are essential for metal transport.