Transfer RNA (abbreviated tRNA and formerly referred to as sRNA, for soluble RNA [1]) is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length (in eukaryotes). [2]

转运核糖核酸 （Transfer RNA），又称 傳送核糖核酸 、 转移核糖核酸，通常简称為 tRNA，是一種由76-90個 核苷酸 所組成的 RNA [1]，其3'端可以在 氨酰-tRNA合成酶 催化之下，接附特定種類的 氨基酸。 轉譯 的過程中，tRNA可藉由自身的 反密碼子 識別 mRNA 上的 密碼子，將該密碼子對應的氨基酸轉運至 核糖體 合成中的 多肽鏈 上。 每個tRNA分子理論上只能與一種 氨基酸 接附，但是 遺傳密碼 有简并性（degeneracy），使得有多於一個以上的tRNA可以跟一種 氨基酸 …

2 天之前 · Transfer RNA (abbreviated tRNA) is a small RNA molecule that plays a key role in protein synthesis. Transfer RNA serves as a link (or adaptor) between the messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule and the growing chain of amino acids that make up a protein.

2016年11月28日 · Transfer RNAs or tRNAs are molecules that act as temporary carriers of amino acids, bringing the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome based on the messenger RNA (mRNA) nucleotide sequence. In this way, they act as the intermediaries between nucleotide and amino acid sequences.

Here, we investigated whether tRNA introns function as sncRNAs. Using bioinformatic, molecular, and genetic approaches, we demonstrate that free tRNA introns in S. cerevisiae base pair to target mRNA open reading frames (ORFs), inducing mRNA decay. Furthermore, free tRNA intron levels are modulated by environmental stressors, such as oxidative ...

We synthesize diverse mechanisms of tRNA and tsRNA in embryonic development, cell fate determination, and epigenetic inheritance regulation. We also discuss the potential clinical applications based on the new knowledge of tRNA and tsRNA as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and new therapeutic strategies for multiple diseases.

Detailed analyses through more than 60 years of study have revealed tRNAs to be a fascinatingly diverse group of molecules in form and function, impacting cell biology, physiology, disease and synthetic biology.

2024年10月21日 · We synthesize diverse mechanisms of tRNA and tsRNA in embryonic development, cell fate determination, and epigenetic inheritance regulation. We also discuss the potential clinical applications based on the new knowledge of tRNA and tsRNA as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and new therapeutic strategies for multiple diseases. 1. Introduction.

2021年3月3日 · Recent studies have revealed that tRNA modifications can be dynamically altered in response to levels of cellular metabolites and environmental stresses. Importantly, we now understand that...

2023年10月5日 · tRNA function is based on unique structures that enable mRNA decoding using anticodon trinucleotides. These structures interact with specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and ribosomes using 3D shape and sequence signatures. Beyond translation, tRNAs serve as versatile signaling molecules interacting with other RNAs and proteins.