The HashBytes function in T-SQL

SOLVED: For hash functions, it is very important to have a sufficientlylong outputs, e.g. 160 bits, in order to block attacks based on thebirthday paradox. However, shorter output length (e.g. 80 bits) isenough to maintain the same level of security for MACs. Why is it?(assume that Alice (sender) sends a message m in clear texttogether with its MAC to Bob (receiver).

SOLVED: When you download software from the Internet, why is it important to verify the MD5 hash value? In a few sentences, describe some first and important steps you would use to verify an MD5 checksum of downloaded software. Are there tools built into the operating system that will check the MD5 sum? Can you recommend a website with MD5 checkers as a potential resource? Share with your classmates and provide links to any useful resource you find. (Note: For citing Internet sources in your dis

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